Background
Dried blood spot samples(DBSS) are routinely collected from neonates for diagnostic purposes.
Most countries store DBSS at room-temperature. However, the Danish National Biobank store DBSS at -20°C. This provides a unique opportunity for serological studies on Group B Streptococcus(GBS).
The GBS-NN/NN2-vaccine targets four immunogenic alpha-like surface proteins(AlpNs) - Rib, AlpC, Alp1 and Alp2/3 - expressed in >99% of invasive GBS-isolates.
This study aimed to assess the feasibility of AlpN-IgG-quantification in DBSS.
Methods
Pregnant women(35-37 weeks) were included at Kolding Hospital, Denmark(June 2023-March 2024).
Umbilical cord blood(UC) was collected after birth, followed by DBSS and baby heel blood(BH) from the neonate at age 2-3 days.
A total of 32 DBSS, 28 BH, and 28 UC samples was collected.
Concentration of each AlpN-IgG(ng/ml) was measured by ELISA at MinervaX Laboratory, Lund, Sweden.
Concordance Correlation Coefficient(CCC) was used to assess agreement of precision and accuracy of AlpN-IgG in DBSS vs. serum.
A DBSS-to-serum conversion factor(CF) was applied by Deming Regression analysis if necessary.
Results
For all four AlpN-IgG concentrations, the agreement between DBSS and BH was strong/perfect(CCC=0.84-0.96).
The agreement between AlpN-IgG in DBSS vs UC was high-moderate/perfect(CCC=0.79-0.95).
The agreement between UC and BH was perfect(CCC≥0.94).
CF was then applied to achieve perfect agreement for some AlpNs and comparisons.
Conclusion
Quantification of AlpN-IgG in DBSS is precise and accurate when compared to serum samples(BH/UC).
DBSS are well-suited for a large-scale serological study of AlpN-IgG in GBS cases vs. controls.